|
!= ;f+u7lgs ;[b[9Ls/0f
tyf k|zf;lgs Ifdtf / k|efjsfl/tf clej[l4 ;DalGw gLlt sfo{qmd
M
-s_ :yfgLo
:jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnL adf]lhd tof/ u/L nfu" ul/Psf]
ljlgodnfO{ cem :ki6 agfpFb} o;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog tkm{
cem kxn ul/g]5 .
-v_ gu/kflnsfsf]
;f+u7lgs ljsf;, ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4, ljlQo Joj:yfkg tyf ;dfh
sNof0f ;DalGw sfo{sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu hgk|ltlglw,
sd{rf/L, ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yf tyf ;j{;fwf/0ffdf tflnd tyf
cg'lzIf0f sfo{qmd dfkm{t Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbOg] 5 .
-u_ :yfgLo
:jfoQ zf;g P]g / lgodfjnLsf] dd{ adf]lhd ut aif{af6 3f]if0ff
ul/Psf] gful/s j8f kq åf/f lgb]{lzt sfg"gL zf;g, kf/blz{tf,
hjfkmb]lxtf, pQ/bfloTj, k|efjsfl/tf tyf ;xeflutf h:tf
sfo{x?nfO{ 6f]n ;+u7gx?sf] ;d]t ;s[o ;xof]udf lg/Gt/tf lbOg]
5 .
-3_ gu/nfO{
a9L e/kbf]{ ;j{AofkL ljZjfl;nf] :yfgLo lgsfosf] ?kdf :yflkt
ub}{ ;"rgf, tYofÍ, ljj/0f / sfo{ k|0ffnLx?nfO{ ;do ;fk]If
j:t'k/s 9+uaf6 ljsf; ug{ :yflgo ljsf; ug{ :yfgLo ljsf;
dGqfnosf] ;d]t ;xof]udf sDKo"6/sf] Joj:yf ;d]t ldnfO{ ;lsPsf]n]
sDKo"6/s[t Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLnfO{ yk ljsf; ul/g]5 .
-ª_ sd{rf/Lx?sf]
j[lQ–ljsf;sf nflu cfjZos ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf ljsf;, sd{rf/L b/aGbL
>[hgf tyf ldnfg, kbk"lt{ tyf a9'jf, k'/:sf/ tyf b08, ;DalGw
sfo{x?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 .
-r_ ;'rgf
k|lalwsf] k|of]un] ;'zf;g tyf k|efjsf/LtnfO{ a[lå ug{ ufFp–gu/
;fem]bf/L ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf gu/df O{– ueg]{G;sf]
z?jft ul/g] 5 .
@= ljlQo
Joj:yfkg tyf >f]t kl/rfng ;DalGwt gLlt sfo{qmd M
-s_ ljlQo
>f]t ;+sng tyf Joj:yfkg kIfnfO{ a}1flglss/0f ub}{ oyfy{ ljj/0fsf]
cfwf/df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd gu/kflnsfn] nufpg tyf p7fpg
kfpg] s/, b:t'/ ;]jf z'Ns nufot g=kf= af6 k|bfg ul/g] ;]jf
;'ljwfx?nfO{ Ps4f/ k|0ffnLaf6 Joj:yfkg ug]{ u/fpg] sfo{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 .
-v_ pk–dxfgu/kflnsfn]
k|rlnt P]g lgod adf]lhd nufpg, p7fpg ;Sg] s/, b:t'/ z'Ns
lgwf{/0f ubf{ gu/jf;Lx?sf] hLjg:t/ / Jojxfl/skIfnfO{ ;d]t
wofgdf /flv ;Dk"0f{ gu/jf;LnfO{ :jtkm"{t s/sf] bfo/f leq
cfpg ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfpFb} /fh:j 5Ng] k||j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt
kfg{ k|ToIf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] JolQm jf ;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ lghn] k'¥ofPsf]
;xof]u cg'?k k|fKt /fzLsf] lglZrt k|ltzt k|f]T;fxg :j?k
pknAw u/fO{g] 5 .
-u_ /fh:j
cz'nL sfo{nfO{ j:t'k'/s / k|efjsf/L agfpg s/bftf / s/of]Uo
j:t'sf] cfjZos tYof+snfO{ cWofjlws ug]{ h:tf sfo{df pBf]u–Jofkf/
;+3 ;d]tnfO{ ;xefuL u/fOg] 5 .
-3_ gu/kflnsfn]
;+rfng ug]{ ljljw lgdf{0f sfo{sf nflu cfjZos lgdf{0f ;fdfu|Lx?sf]
b/ /]6 k|rlnt b/ /]6 eGbf a9L gx'g] u/L gu/kflnsf :jo+n]
lgwf{/0f ug]{ k|yfsf] ljsf; ul/Psf]n] Ps4f/ vl/b k|0ffnLnfO{
yk ljsf; ul/g]5 .
-ª_ gofF
gofF cfo >f]tx?sf] klxrfg / lj:tf/ ug]{ tyf s/ b/aGbLx?nfO{
;do ;fk]If kl/dfh{g, Jojxfl/s / Jojl:yt ug]{ sfo{df cem a9L
hf]8 lbO{g] 5 .
-r_ jt{dfg
n]vf k|0ffnLnfO{ r':t b'?:t agfpg tyf a]?h' km:of}{6 /
Go"lgs/0f ug{ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0fsf] sfo{qmd nfO{ ;'b[9 ub}{
nlug] 5 .
-5_ lj/f6gu/
pk–dxfgu/kflnsfsf] n]vf k|0ffnLnfo{ ;+:yfut n]vf k|0ffnL -skf]{/]6
PsfpG6LË l;:6ddf_ df ?kfGt/0f ug]{ tkm{ cfjZos k"jf{wf/ k"/f
ul/g]5 .
-h_ pTkfbg
If]qdf nufgLsf] cg'kft j[l4 ub}{ gu/sf] ;j{Qf]d'vL ljsf;
lgdf{0fsf nflu lgdf{0f u/, pkef]u u/ / x:tfGt/0f u/ -la=cf]=6L=_
k|0ffnL cGt/ut gLlh If]qnfO{ nfut ;xeflutfdf ;d]t ;l/s u/fpg]
sfo{nfO{ cl3 a9fOg] 5 .
-em_ ljB't
k|flws/0f, b'/;+rf/ ;+:yfg, ljlQo ;+:yf nufotsf cGo ;+:yfx?nfO
;d]t gu/sf] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df nfut ;xeflutfdf ;l/s u/fpg
ljz]if sfo{qmd dfkm{t cfslif{s ul/g] 5 .
-`_ gful/s
;dfhdf cg'Tkfbs ?kdf /x]sf] jrt /sdnfO{ gu/jf;Lx?s} k|ToIf
lxt / ;/f]sf/ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{x?df ;t\ k|ltzt g} nufgL ug]{
;t{df gu/ ljsf; C0f kq hf/L u/L >f]t kl/rfng ug]{ tkm{ ut
jif{af6 ePsf] k|of;nfO{ oyfy{df Nofpg cfjZos kxn ul/g]5 .
#= lgdf{0f
tyf zx/L ljsf; ;DalGw gLlt sfo{qmd
-s_ nfut ;xefuLtf
/ ;xefuLtfTds ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff adf]lhd of]hgf 5gf}6,
lgdf{0f, cg'udg, ;+rfng / dd{t ;Def/ ;d]tdf hg;xeflutfdf
h'6fpg] sfo{nfO{ ljut jif{x? em}+ o; jif{ klg k|fyldstfsf ;fy
lg/Gt/tf lbO{g]5 .
-v_
hg;xeflutfsf] l;4fGt adf]lhd 6f]n n]g ;+u7gx?nfO{ ;+:yfut
;+/rgf k|bfg ub}{]{ ltgsf] Ifdtf ljsf; ug]{ /
æhg:t/ b]lv dfly;DdÆ
sf] gLlt -j6d ck Pk|f]r_ cg'?k qmdzM 6f]n, j:tL j8f ;ldlt
x'Fb} gu/kflnsfdf of]hgf k|:t't x'g] / ;f]xL adf]lhd
cfof]hgf ;+rfng tyf cg'udg ug]{ kl/kf6L{nfO{ yk Jojl:yt kfb}{
nlug] 5 .
-u_ gu/sf]
lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] PsLs[t sfo{d"ns of]hgfsf af/]df
hgtfnfO{ a9L ;';'lrt kfb}{ gful/sx?sf] 3/b}nf] ;Dd a9L e/kbf]{
/ ;xh 9+un] ;]jf ;'ljwf k'ug] u/L ls6fg eO;s]sf d'Vo d'Vo
;8s clwsf/ If]qsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ub}{ gu/kflnsf If]qleq
x'g] s'g} klg lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ gS;f :jLs[lt, lgdf{0f O{hfht
/ lgdf{0f ;DkGg k|df0f kq lng' kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{ k|efjsf/L
agfpg / ljgf gS;f lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg e};s]sf] 3/ 6x/f jf
kvf{nx?nfO{ klg sfg"gsf] bfo/f leq Nofpg] tkm{ ;zQm / Jojxfl/s
?kdf eO/x]sf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 .
-3_
k"jf{wf/ ;'wf/ tyf lgdf[0f ;DalGw of]hgfx? ;Grfng ubf{ k"j{
lg0f{o eO{ ;s]sf / sfd ;+rfng e}/x]sf cw'/f cfof]hgfx? ;DkGg
ug]{ nufot ag]sf ;+/rgfx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g ug{ ljut
jif{x?af6 z'? ul/Psf] ;8s, 9n, gfnf, k'n k'n];f, ejgx/sf]
dd{t ;'wf/ ug]{ sfo{nfO{ k|fylstfsf;fy lg/Gt/tf lbg] sfo{nfO{
qmdz M rfn' /flvg]5 .
-ª_ jt{dfg
cj:yfdf gLlhIf]qsf] ;xeflutf ljgf gu/kflnsfsf] ;Lldt >f]tn]
dfq hgtfsf] rfxgf / cfjZostf adf]lhd ;jf{lË0f ljsf;sf
k"jf{wf/x? tof/ ug{ sl7gfO{ pTkGg ePsf]n] gu/kflnsf, gful/s
;dfh / gLlhIf]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutf h'6\g ;Sg] ;DefJo If]qdf
gd'gf cfof]hgf th'{df u/L sfof{Gjogdf NofO{g] ul/Psf sfo{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbOg]5 .
-r_ gu/jf;Lx?af6
ljsf; lgdf{0f of]hgfx?sf] dfusf] rfk al9/x]sf] ljsf;
lgdf{0fsf] a9\bf] cfjZostf / g=kf=sf] ;Lldt >]ft ;fwgn] wfGg
g;Sg] x'Fbf ljut jif{sf] gLltnfO{ s]xL kl/jt{g u/L
hg;xeflutf / hgkl/rfngsf cfwf/df hg:t/af6 slDtdf @%Ü j8f
:t/Lo ah]6 af6 #%Ü / gu/:tLo ah]6af6 a9Ldf $)Ü nuft ;xeflutf
x'g] u/L k|:tfljt ljsf; cfof]hgfx? k|fyldstf ;"rLdf /fvL ;+rfng
ul/g]5 . j8fdf ljlgof]lht /sd dWo] #)Ü clgjfo{ ?kn]
hg;xeflutf h'6]sf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df vr{ ul/g] 5 . ;fy}
hg:t/af6 a9L eGbf a9L nfut ;xefuLtf h'6]sf cfof]hgfx?nfO{
klxnf] k|fyldstf lbO{ sfof{Gjog ul/g] / df}h'bf pkef]Qmf ;DalGw
gLltnfO{ a9L kf/bzL{ / hjfkmb]xL agfpb} ;Dkgg cfof]hgfx?sf]
dd{t ;Def/ tyf ;=rfng ;d]t ;f]xL ;ldlt af6 x'g] u/L :yfoL
pkef]Qmf ;ldlt lgdf{0f ub}{ hfg] gLlt nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5
.
-5_
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf zx/L ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ j[l4 ug{, of]hgf
nuft, lgdf{0f cjwL ls6fg, ;+rfng / ;DkGg h:tf dxTjk"0f{
sfo{x?df /]vb]v tyf cg'udgsf nflu ;ldlt k4ltnfO{ ;'b[9 kfb}{
nlug] 5 .
-h_ afFsL
/x]sf j8f ;ldlt ejg tyf j8f:tl/o lgdf{0f cfof]hgfx?sf] cnfjf
ut jif{af6 z'? eO{ cw'/f] cj:yfdf /x]sf gu/sf d'Vo ;Ldf
;8sx?, km'6kfy ;'wf/ kSsL gfnf lgdf{0f, nufot gu/sf d'Vo
d'Vo cGo ;8sx?sf] cfjZos dd{t ;'wf/ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{g]
5 .
-em_ o; gu/sf]
JofKt 8'jfgsf] l:yltnfO{ cGTo ug{sf nflu tof/ kfl/Psf] u'?
of]hgf adf]lhd ;d:ofu|:t j8fx?sf] kfgL lgsf; ug]{ sfo{nfo{
of]hgfa4 9+un] cl3 a9fO{g] 5 .
-`_ jL/]Gb|
;ef u[xsf] dfnkf]v/L :df/s lgdf{0fsf] u'?of]hgf tof/
eO;s]sfn] o;sf] tyf ;lxb :d[lt pBfg / xl/ofnL kfs{ lgdf{0f
sfo{x?nfO{ o;} jif{af6 cufl8 a9fO{g] 5 .
-6_ ufpF–gu/
;fem]bf/L ;+u ePsf ;Demf}tf cg'?kdf s[lif ahf/–;]8 lgdf{0f,
j8f g+=! sf] tyf emfkf j}hgfyk'/ uflj; / gu/ pQ/L If]qnfO{
hf]8\g] k'n lgdf{0f sfo{ k"/f ug'{sf] ;fy} hfkfgL ;xof]u ;+:yf
æhfO{sfÆ sf] ;xof]udf j8f g+= !) / !! sf] xf6vf]nfdf lgdf{0f
x'g] Jojl:yt s[lif ahf/ s]Gb| h:tf k|fljlws sf/0fn] cw'/f /xg
uPsf of]hgfx?nfO{ ;dodf g} sfof{Gjogdf nufOg] 5 .
-7_
hg;xeflutfdf j8f g+= !!,!* s6x/L uflj; / eftLu+h uflj;
hf]8\g] l;+lwof k'n lgdf{0f, j8f g+= @) sf] j:tf k}gL k'n
lgdf{0f, a;kfs{ ;'wf/, gu/sf ljleGg rf}s ;Def/ tyf ;'wf/ ug]{
sfo{x?nfO{ k"/f ul/g]5 .
-8_ gu/sf]
d"n ;8sx?df qmdzM a9\b} uO/x]sf] ;jf/L rfksf sf/0f gu/jf;L
hgd;'bfodf k/]sf] s7LgfO{ tyf ;Defljt b'3{6gfx?nfO{ ;d]t
Wofg /flv ;jf/L cfjfudgsf] nflu j}sNkLs Joj:yfsf nflu ls6fg
ul/Psf] l;6L ?6sf] :t/ a[l4 ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
-9_ gu/
ljsf; sf]ifsf] cg'bfg ;xof]udf xfn k|fljlws cWoog sfo{ eO/x]sf]
o; gu/sf] d'6'df cjl:yt j8f g+= !$ sf] u'b|L ahf/ If]qnfo{
;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ ;jf/L kfls{Ësf nflu e"ldut kfls{Ë ;lxtsf]
d'Vo Jofkfl/s s]Gb| -ljzfn ahf/_ sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug'{ ckl/xfo{
ePsf]n] pQm sfo{sf nflu gLlh If]qsf] ;d]t nfut ;xeflutf /xg]
u/L cfjZos tof/L k"/f ug{ ut jif{ af6 eO/x]sf] k|of;nfO{
clGtd ?k lbOg] 5 .
-0f_ j8f
g+= !% l:yt 8'd6f]nL jf;:yfgsf] lx;fjn] ctL ;fF3'/f] /
cJojl:yt cj:yfdf /x]sf]n] pQm 8'd j:tLnfO{ lghx?n] k/Dk/f
b]lv ub}{ cfPs]f] j}slNks Joj;fonfO{ ;d]t d2t k'ug] u/L
Jojl:yt ug{ clt cfjZos b]lvPsfn] kfos kg]{ :yfgsf] Joj:yf
u/L :yfgfGt/0f ug]{ tyf xfn 8'd 6f]nL /x]sf] :yfgnfO{ s[lif
ahf/ tyf Jofkfl/s s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; ul/g] sfo{nfO{ o; jif{
k"/f ul/g]5 .
-t_ ;8s,
vfg]kfgL, ljB't tyf b'/;+rf/ ;+:yfg h:tf lgsfox?åf/f o; gu/leq
;+rfng ul/g] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfo /
o; pk–dxfgu/kflnsfjLr ;dGjo sfod u/L ;dGjofTds ?kdf of]hgf
th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] tkm{ yk kxn ul/g] 5 .
-y_ 6«s
kfls{Ë :ynsf] klxrfg u/L k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f sfof{/De ug{ ;DalGwt
Joj;foL tyf ;+3x? ;+u ;dGjo u/L lgdf{0f sfo{qmdnfO{ cl3
a9fpg k|of; ul/g] 5 .
-b_ gu/
aflx/af6 k|j]z ug]{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL kfx'gfx?sf] :jfutsf
nflu lgdf{0fflwg /x]sf] :jfut 4f/ o; jif{ k"/f ul/g]5 . ;fy}
cfsf;] k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu ;DefJotf cWoog l8hfOg, 8«OË /
:6Ld]6 ;d]tsf] sfo{ k"/f e};s]sf] o;sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ cl3
a9fOg] 5 . kmf]xf]/ d}nf Joj:yfkgsf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/af6
k|fKt cg'bfg ;d]t u/L Nof08lkmN8 ;fOhsf] hUuf vl/b u/L cGo
cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfO{g] 5 .
$= ;dfh
sNof0f tyf ;fdflhs ljsf; ;DalGw gLlt sfo{qmd
-s_ hg:jf:Yo
tyf ;/;kmfO{
-
vfB cg';Gwfg zfvfnfO{ ef}lts k"jf{wf/n] ;'ljwf
;DkGg agfpFb} hgtfsf] :jf:Yo ;+u k|ToIf ;DjGw /x]sf] vfB
kbfy{x?df x'g ;Sg] cjflG5t ld;fj6 /f]Sg, :jf:Yo k|lts'n
c;/ kfg]{ sd u'0f:t/sf j:t'x?sf] pTkfbg, ;+ro tyf ljlqm
ljt/0f nfO{ s8fO{sf ;fy lgoGq0f ug{ / :j:Yo df5f–df;'
ljlqmljt/0f sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L 9+uaf6 Jojl:yt ub}{ nlug]
sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 .
-
hg:jf:Yosf] If]qdf O{G;]kmnfO{l6; lgoGq0f,
afnaflnsfx?sf nflu kf]lnof] / cGo vf]k, le6fldg æPÆ
sfo{qmd, lgz'Ns :jf:Yo lSnlgs ;+rfng, o"=Pg=l8=lk=÷ufpF ;fem]bf/L
sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf P8\; lgoGq0f sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf P8\;
lgoGq0f sfo{qmd, dxfdf/L lgoGq0f, e':ofxf s's'/ tyf cGo
5f8f rf}kfof lgoGq0f, 3'lDt :jf:Yo l;lj/ ;+rfng, PDa'n]G;,
bdsn, zj–jxfg ;]jfx?nfO{ yk Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .
-
sf]zL c~rn c:ktfnnfO{ ;'ljwf ;DkGg agfpb}
nfg] tkm{ c:ktfnsf] ef}lts ;'wf/sf nflu >L % sf] ;/sf/ ;fy}
cGo bft[ ;+:yfx?sf] ;d]t Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg] tyf gu/kflnsf
af6 ;d]t ;DefJo cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ gLltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
lbOg] 5 .
-
gu/ If]qaf6 lgisf;g x'g] kmf]xf]/ d}nfsf]
pTkfbgdf g} sdL Nofpg tyf lg:sfl;t kmf]xf]/nfO{ ;'/lIft
lj;h{g ug{ / gu/ ;kmfO{ sfo{qmdnfO{ cem Jofks / k|efjsf/L
agfpb} ;+snLt kmf]xf]/ d}nfsf] 5gf}6 u/L dfgj pkof]uL
sfo{df k'gM k|of]u u/L jftfj/0fLo ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{ ljutaf6
;'? ul/Psf] gLlh If]qsf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtfnfO{ k|efjsf/L
9+uaf6 sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg] u/L lg/Gt/tf lbO{g] 5 .
-
k|To]s 6f]n tyf j:tLx?df 6f]n ;+u7gx? kl/rfng
u/L kmf]xf]/ d}nf lzIff sfo{qmd dfkm{t hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug]{
nufot o:tf dfgj pkof]uL sfo{df ljBfno lzIfs lzlIfsf tyf ;fdflhs
;+w ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;d]t ;+nUg u/fO{ ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7g ;d]tsf]
;xof]udf x]lNb l;6L sfo{qmd ;`rfng ul/g]5 .
-
cfˆgf] 3/ k;naf6 lg:sf;g x'g] kmf]xf]/nfO{
gu/kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] :yfgdf tf]s]sf] ;dofjwL leq gkmfnL
hyfefjL kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt kfb}{ x/
xd];f 3/, cfFug / k;n cuf8L ;kmf /fVg]nfO{ k'/:sf/ tyf
kmf]xf]/ ug]{nfO{ b08 hl/jfgf ug]{ lgtLnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{g]
5 .
-
;8s k]6L cltqmd0-f u/L Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{
k|j[lQnfO{ lg?T;flxt / lgoGq0f ug]{ tyf To:tf vfn] unt sfo{
ug]{nfO{ s8fO{sf ;fy sf/jfxL ul/g]5 .
-
clgolGqt 9+uaf6 x'g] t/sf/L a]rlavg tyf kz'–awsf
sf/0f gu/nfO{ b'u{lGwt x'g glbg tyf c:j:Yo df5f df;' / t/sf/Lx?sf]
pkef]un] hgtfsf] :jf:Yosdf k|lts"n c;/ kg{ glbg o; gu/If]q
leq cfw'lgs / Jojl:yt kz' jwzfnf lgdf{0f / s[lif jhf/ ;DalGw
;DefJotf cWoog, l8hfOg / 8«OË sfo{ sl/a k"/f eO{;s]sf]n]
o;nfO{ lghL If]qsf] ;d]t ;xeflutfdf sfof{Gjogdf NofO{g] 5
.
-v_ jftfj/0f
tyf e"—;+/If0f
-
gu/If]qsf d'Vo tyf ;xfos ;8sx?df j[If/f]k0fsf]
sfo{qmdnfO{ lj:tf/ ub}{ nlu lj/f6gu/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfnfO{
xl/t gu/Lsf] ?kdf ;d]t ljsf; ug]{ sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{g]
5 .
-
k|To]s 3/wgLn] 3/ lgdf[0f ubf{ cfˆgf] 3/
cfFug cufl8 slDtdf tLg a6f ;hfj6 o"Qm km"n lj?jf clgjfo{ /f]Kg'
kg]{ Joj:yfnfO{ rfng' /flvg] 5 .
-
@) dfO{qmf]g eGbf tnsf Knfli6s emf]nf
lgoGq0fsf nflu ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] ;d]t ;+o'Qm
;xeflutfdf ;+rfng gePsf jf x'g] sfo{qmdnfO{ k"0f{ ;xof]u
k|bfg ul/g]5 .
-
l;+luof tyf s]zlnof gbLn] k'¥ofpg ;Sg]
IftLnfO{ Wofgdf /flv gbL vf]nf t6aGw sfo{nfO{ >L % sf] ;/sf/,
lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / cGo ;xof]uL ;+:yfx?sf] ;d]t ;xeflutfdf
cufl8 a9fO{g] 5 .
-
jftfj/0fLo k|b'i0f Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ;xof]uL
bftf /fi6« tyf ;+:yfx? ;+u ;dGjo u/L ljljw sfo{qmd cufl8
a9fO{g] 5 .
-u_ lzIff,
;flxTo, snf, ;+:s[lt ;+rf/ tyf v]ns'b
-
;fj{hlgs If]qsf k|fylds tyf df=lj= / pRr df=lj=x?sf]
k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgf ;'wf/ tyf :t/ j[l4 gd"gf k|fylds ljBfno ;+rfng
h:tf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbO{g] 5 .
-
gu/sf] z}lIfs :t/nfO{ a[l4 ug{ gu/If]q
leqsf ;fj{hlgs lawfnox?nfO{ :jf:Yo k|lt:kwf{df Nofpg
cfjfZos sfo{qmd th'{df tyf sfo{Gjogsf nflu Ps cWoog cg'udg
;ldltsf] Aoj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
-
hg–;flxTo, snf, hg–;F:s[lt / v]ns'bsf]
ljsf;sf nflu rflnPsf pko'Qm / k|efjsf/L sfo{qmdx?nfO{ cl3
a9fOg] 5 .
-
o; pk–dxfgu/kflnsfn] ;+rfng tyf ;Dkfbg u/]sf
tyf ug]{ gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx?sf af/]df gful/s ;dfh ;xh
9+uaf6 ;xL ;"rgf k|jfx ug]{ x]t'n] ufpF –gu/ ;fem]bf/L
ljsf; sfo{qmd dfkm{t :yflkt gu/ ;"rgf s]Gb|nfO{ cem
Jojl:yt kfb}{ ;Dej eP ;ddsf cGo ;xof]uL ;+:yfx? ;+u ;d]t ;dGjo
u/L ljleGg k|sfzgsf cltl/Qm ljB'lto ;+rf/ dfWodx?af6
æ:yfgLo gu/ ;+rf/ sfo{qmdÆ ;d]t ;+rfng ul/g] lgtLnfO{
sfof{Gjogdf NofO{g] 5 .
-
dfGotf k|fKt kq klqsf tyf cGo ;~rf/
dfWodx?nfO{ gu/kflnsfsf] ;xL ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f u/]sf] cfwf/df
;Sbf] ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg] sfo{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 .
-3_ ljljw
-
dlxnf ljsf;, dlxnf :j/f]huf/ tyf dlxnf
zzlqms/0f ;DalGw sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ljz]if k|fyldstf lbO{g] 5 .
-
c;xfo j[4–j[4fx?, cGwf, ckfË ljwjf ;xof]u ;DjlGw
;fdflhs sfo{qmdnfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfo{qmd ;+u ;dGjo u/L k|efjsf/L
?kdf sfof{gjog ul/g'sf] ;fy}{ j8f g+= !! df Ps j[4f>d
lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
-
lgDg cfo ePsf hgtfx?sf nflu ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutfdf
;+rfng ul/Psf ;fdflhs k"FhL lgdf{0f tyf ;+:yfut ljsf; /
jrt, pBd–ljsf;, k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, :j/f]huf/ ljsf;, n3' C0f
;xof]u, ahf/ ljsf; sf]ifsf] kl/rfng, u|fdL0f / gu/ >d ;+of]hg
tyf u|fdL0f ahf/ s]Gb| ljsf; k|of; h:tf sfo{qmdx? cToGt
k|efjsf/L /x]sf]n] tLgsf] :yfloTj / ljsf;sf nflu ufpF – gu/
;fem]bf/L ljsf; sfo{qmdnfO{ g=kf=df cGtl/lss/0f u/L cfjZos
>d ;fwgsf] kof{Kt Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
-
cf}Bf]lus gu/LOsf] ?kdf ;d]t kl/lrt /x]sf]
o; gu/kflnsf If]qleq jf l;dfgf cf;kf;df ;+rflnt pBf]ux?sf]
;+/If0f ub}{ ;'dw'/ cf}Bf]lus jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ cfjZos
kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]usf nflu ;dGjofTds e"ldsf v]lng] sfo{nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbO{g] 5 .
-
gu/sf d'Vo s]Gb|x?df /fli6«o JolStTjx?sf]
k|ltdf :yfkgf ug]{ gLltnfO{ cl3 a9fO{g] 5 .
-
gu/If]q leqsf lg/If/x?sf] jf:tljs tYofÍsf]
cfwf/df ;fIf/tf cleofg ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
-
o"lg;]km, PS;g P8, cfO=Pn. cf]=, lk=lk=lk=o"=O{=,
l;d÷Pg, ufpF gu/ ;fem]bf/L ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf cGo bft[ ;+:yfx?sf]
;xof]udf lj/f6gu/ pkdxfgu/kflnsfåf/f ;+rflnt ljkgg ju{ tyf
hf]lvddf k/]sf afnaflnsfx?sf nflu Plss[t zx/L afn ljsf;
sfo{qmd, afn lzIff, afn ljsf; s]Gb| jfn >lds k|lzIf0f
nufot /f]huf/d"ns tflnd, jftfj/0f ;'wf/, u/LjL lgjf/0f tyf
:j/f]huf/L h:tf sfo{qmdx?df lglh If]q;+usf] ;fem]bf/LnfO{
;d]t k|f]T;flxt ul/g] 5 .
-
o; gu/nfO{ ko{6sLo If]qsf] ?kdf ;d]t ljsf;
ug{ wfld{s d7, dlGb/ nufot k'/ftflTjs dxTjsf :yfgx?s]
;+/If0f / ;dj4{g ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cem Jofks agfO{g] 5 .
-
lk5l8Psf hftL hghftLnfO{ ;fdflhs ;Ddfg
k|bfg ug]{ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;+rfng ul/g] 5 .
-
dfgjLo ;Eotf lj?4 cle;fksf] ?kdf b]vf k/]sf]
nfu" cf}ifw tyf r]nLa]6L a]rlavg h:tf ;fdflhs lj;+utL Pj+
ljs[lt lj?4 ;+rfng x'g] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{qmdx?df xfd|f] k"0f{ ;xof]u
/ ;dy{g hf/L /xg] 5 .
-
gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf] ;efsIfnfO{ ;'ljwf ;DkGg
dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf; s]Gb|sf] ?kdf k"0f{ Jojl:yt ul/g]5 .
-
gu/If]qdf ;~rflnt 6]Dkf], 6]S;L tyf l/S;fx?
lgoldt / lgoGq0f ug]{ tyf ef8f b/ pko'Qm / Jojxfl/s ?kd
lgwf{/0f u/L Jojxfl/s agfOg] 5 ;fy} ;jf/L rfnssf] :jf:Yo
kl/If0f, rfns Ohfht kl/If0f ug]{ / l/S;fsf] b/ /]6 ;"rL
l/S;f rfnsn] clgjfo{ ?kn] ofq'nfO{ b]vfpg' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/g]
5 .
-
gu/kflnsfn] ;+o'St ?kdf ;~rfng u/]sf]
pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f ;+u ;DalGwt ;+3, ;+:yf nufot ;/sf/L
tyf u}/ ;/sf/L sfof{no / ;+:yfx? ;+u ;dGjo u/L lg/Gt/tf
lbO{g] 5 .
-
cJojl:yt / cgflws[t a;f]af; x6fO{ ;'/lIft
ul/Psf ;fj{hlgs :ynx?nfO{ cfjZostfsf] klxrfg u/L kfs{
nufotsf ljljw lgdf{0f sfo{ cuf8L a9fOg] 5 .
-
ufpF gu/sf] cGt/;DjGwnfO{ cem ;'b[9 ug]{
p2]Zosf ;fy xfn :yflkt ePsf] / cj x'g] u|fdL0f ahf/ s]Gb|
ljsf; k|of;nfO{ ltgLx?n] cGt{;DjGw ljsf; / ul/jL lgjf/0fdf
k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg tyf k|efjsfl/tfsf] cfwf/df lg/Gt/tf lbg
sfo{qmdaf6 k|fKt ahf/ s]Gb|af6} ;[lht ahf/ ljsf; sf]ifsf]
cfDbfgL dfkm{t vr{ Joxf]g{} u/L ahf/ s]Gb| pTk|]/ssf]
Joj:yf / ;+u7gfTds ;'wf/ ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fO{g] 5 .
-
@! ;f}+ ztfAbLdf ljsf; eO/x]sf] ;"rgf
k|ljlwnfO{ ul/jL lgjf/0fsf] If]qdf pkof]u ug{ ufpF gu/ ;fem]bf/L
ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf la=6'=la=O{= sdz{ nfO{ o;}
jif{af6 nfu" ul/g] 5 .
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